Since moving to Devon some 20+ years ago I have been
fortunate enough to have Dawlish Warren as my local patch visiting the Warren
regularly since 1991. Over this time I have managed to accumulate a decent
patch list (92% self found), comparing favourably to many inland county lists and
a far cry from the woodland and old gravel pit sites I used watch back in North
Hampshire.
Following a couple of years of listing, first UK and then
Devon, I had decided 2013 would be more low key and patch based so the
Patchwork Challenge seemed ideal to keep the enthusiasm going. One PC rule I
won’t be following however is to include birds seen from the patch - this is only acceptable for house/garden lists. I
didn’t go through 15 years of Nuthatch induced torture just to be able to
record it on an almost daily basis!
Dawlish Warren is a double sandpit some 1.5miles long and
roughly 0.5miles wide at the mouth of the Exe Estuary in south Devon. The
recording area (and my patch) covers c215 ha extending from Langstone Rock in
the south to Cockwood Harbour in the north with the railway line creating the
western boundary, however only about 40% of this area is above the high tide
line and much of this is a golf course to which there is no public access.
Langstone Rock at the SW corner of the site is a 15m high red
sandstone megalith, very distinct from the spit which extends NE from it. The
base of the spit has largely suffered from tourism development and sea defence
schemes but the remainder of the spit is semi-natural. The sandy, gravely beach
and intertidal banks, which stretch over a mile out to sea, are in a constant
state of flux with rapid rates of creation and erosion.
The majority of the Outer Warren is semi-fixed dune grassland
and bramble with a heavily eroded seaward dune ridge, these two habitats are
linked at the eastern end on Warren Point.
The depressed central zone of the Warren (Greenland Lake)is
an old tidal creek and becomes flooded in winter, it supports maturing willow-birch-alder
scrub with ponds, small areas of dune slack and marshy grassland.
The Inner Warren is fixed-dune grassland, with stands of
gorse and dune heath on the golf course; there is also a small Turkey oak copse.
The estuarine side of the spit supports an area of saltmarsh and thereafter are
large expanses of estuarine mudflats.
The recording area list is hovering around 300 species, with
two still in BBRC limbo, Elegant Tern
and Western Sandpiper. In terms of
quality of rarity Dawlish Warren has always punched well above its weight, ever
since the Great Black-headed Gull of
1859! As a consequence it is known to most UK birders, with many having visited
and trudged along the sand dunes at some time or other, either calling in on
the way to Scilly or twitching Semipalmated
Plover and/or Long-billed Murrelet.
Some may even remember Lesser Crested
Tern, Greater Sandplover or Great-spotted Cuckoo. The latter was my first visit to the site -
twitching it from the south east, a great decision as it turned out as I dipped
the site’s second record in Feb 2001 and the 1990 bird is still on permanent
display!
As to be expected with an estuary site waders are the main
focus with American Golden Plover, Lesser Yellowlegs, Semi-palmated, Baird’s, White-rumped and Broad-billed Sandpipers all recorded in the last 15 years with Kentish Plover expected annually. Amongst
the flocks of terns midsummer Caspian
and Gull-billed Tern have been
unearthed.
However rarities can be found anywhere on site not just the
estuary with other gems including Dusky,
Raddes, Savi’s and Great Reed
Warblers, Penduline Tit, Lesser Grey Shrike and even Red-eyed Vireo. But despite this track
record in terms of migrants, the site can be hard work – there have only ever been
c40 records of Pied Flycatcher with
species such as Redstart, Whinchat, Lesser Whitethroat and Cuckoo
rarely exceeding 10 records a year, a poor return for a well watched coastal
site.
The Warren’s position in the
middle of Lyme Bay means it is not ideally suited for seawatching but it can do
fairly well in, and especially, after the right conditions with species such as
Sooty Shearwater, Little Auk and Long-tailed Skua just about annual.
The same goes for visible migration and despite the added hindrance of
being at sea level this can also be exciting, especially in cold weather. Recent notable flyovers include Crane, Glossy Ibis, Red-rumped
Swallow, Red-throated, Tawny and Richard’s Pipit - just don’t mention the Short-toed Eagle!
It’s far from just rarities and migrants though, the Warren
is part of the Exe Estuary SPA and is designated for nationally important
numbers of wintering wildfowl and wintering and passage waders whilst offshore Balearic Shearwater, Slavonian Grebe and Roseate Tern are also notable.
Away from birds Dawlish Warren is famous for the Sand (or
Warren) Crocus and is internationally designated for its dune flora. Over 2000
species of invertebrates, including 650 species of moth, 630 species of plants
and250 species of fungi and have been recorded with discoveries on-going, a new
weevil for the UK was even found last year!